The encryption practices of chat app companies are inadequate and need to be enhanced, according to a study by Amnesty International. The human rights organization ranked the companies on encryption measures including end-to-end encryption, privacy policies, and information sharing. Among individual companies, Facebook, Apple, and Telegram took spots one through three, respectively, while Snapchat, BlackBerry, and Tencent ranked lowest. Notably, only five of the analyzed apps apply end-to-end encryption as a default: Apple's iMessage, Facebook’s WhatsApp, Google’s Duo, LINE, and Viber.