According to United Nations rapporteurs, Ireland’s work permit scheme for migrant fishermen violates the human rights of migrants. In a letter written to Minister of Justice Charlie Flanagan, the rapporteurs criticise the Atypical Working Scheme (AWS), which shows “severe forms of labor exploitation against migrant fishermen”. Sixty-five percent of migrant fishermen working under the AWS allegedly work more than 100 hours per week, and 40% report not feeling safe at work. Other concerns include underpayment (an average of less than 3€ per hour), verbal and physical abuse and discrimination.